@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-400-normal.Dpl4UHAZ.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-400-normal.BFeobeCK.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-400-normal.HxX4XjxC.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-400-normal.CvBsJvxq.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-400-normal.qiz4-Cze.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-400-normal.fsAxiSwU.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-500-normal.zTViEIzf.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-500-normal.GNfB7rCE.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-500-normal.DOaysfXq.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-500-normal.CJPcKP2Q.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-500-normal.BPAOfeC8.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-500-normal.C1h8hMer.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-600-normal.DcjprdFV.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-vietnamese-600-normal.CA_GiK2e.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-600-normal.B8NK_A3D.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-ext-600-normal.DMVRjfRT.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Barlow;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-latin-600-normal.DILqtrty.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-latin-600-normal.CNwfPWQD.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-vietnamese-600-normal.b1FQiZcx.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-vietnamese-600-normal.DzVrjA0Q.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-ext-600-normal.BkQ9hN72.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-ext-600-normal.BuP8AaxH.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:600;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-600-normal.BkLiAYu4.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-600-normal.DyOfdMBA.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-vietnamese-700-normal.Dm7RZTvf.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-vietnamese-700-normal.BvUTSFNY.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-ext-700-normal.BhgEo64M.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-ext-700-normal.C0vCoZIV.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:Barlow Semi Condensed;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:700;src:url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-700-normal.BpqDG8I9.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/barlow-semi-condensed-latin-700-normal.BMyZXq_9.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.xuaO2J-f.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-400-normal.DMdlQ8Kv.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.BSMlKf0J.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-400-normal.CEL4l2ZJ.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.BulugwFq.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-400-normal.DDuiU_S-.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.BmRBH3aV.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-400-normal.D3D2R8hC.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:400;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.DMJ8VG8y.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-400-normal.CvHOgSBP.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-500-normal.BqneJy0T.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-ext-500-normal.BIfNGwUT.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+460-52F,U+1C80-1C8A,U+20B4,U+2DE0-2DFF,U+A640-A69F,U+FE2E-FE2F}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-500-normal.Bq9vWWag.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-cyrillic-500-normal.Ael50iVv.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+301,U+400-45F,U+490-491,U+4B0-4B1,U+2116}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-500-normal.DZ4AoWbu.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-vietnamese-500-normal.C8zxqsMH.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+102-103,U+110-111,U+128-129,U+168-169,U+1A0-1A1,U+1AF-1B0,U+300-301,U+303-304,U+308-309,U+323,U+329,U+1EA0-1EF9,U+20AB}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-500-normal.CAhNIIs5.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-ext-500-normal.CZ70TYgx.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+100-2BA,U+2BD-2C5,U+2C7-2CC,U+2CE-2D7,U+2DD-2FF,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+1D00-1DBF,U+1E00-1E9F,U+1EF2-1EFF,U+2020,U+20A0-20AB,U+20AD-20C0,U+2113,U+2C60-2C7F,U+A720-A7FF}@font-face{font-family:IBM Plex Mono;font-style:normal;font-display:swap;font-weight:500;src:url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-500-normal.DSY6xOcd.woff2)format("woff2"),url(/_astro/ibm-plex-mono-latin-500-normal.CB9ihrfo.woff)format("woff");unicode-range:U+??,U+131,U+152-153,U+2BB-2BC,U+2C6,U+2DA,U+2DC,U+304,U+308,U+329,U+2000-206F,U+20AC,U+2122,U+2191,U+2193,U+2212,U+2215,U+FEFF,U+FFFD}:root{--page:#f6f9f2;--pad:#e7f0de;--surface:#fbfdf9;--ink:#17231c;--ink-2:#4b6153;--rule:#c6d6bc;--rule-strong:#93a98a;--ballpoint:#2140c4;--on-ballpoint:#fff;--grid-minor:#2e6e3e17;--grid-major:#2e6e3e33;--danger:#a3261b;--font-body:"Barlow", system-ui, sans-serif;--font-head:"Barlow Semi Condensed", "Barlow", system-ui, sans-serif;--font-num:"IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, monospace;--wrap:70rem;--gutter:1rem;--radius:6px;color-scheme:light}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){:root:not([data-theme=light]){--page:#0f1813;--pad:#15221b;--surface:#132019;--ink:#e1ebe3;--ink-2:#9aafa1;--rule:#2a3b31;--rule-strong:#4a6352;--ballpoint:#93a9ff;--on-ballpoint:#0e1733;--grid-minor:#c8ebd20d;--grid-major:#c8ebd21c;--danger:#ff9b8f;color-scheme:dark}}:root[data-theme=dark]{--page:#0f1813;--pad:#15221b;--surface:#132019;--ink:#e1ebe3;--ink-2:#9aafa1;--rule:#2a3b31;--rule-strong:#4a6352;--ballpoint:#93a9ff;--on-ballpoint:#0e1733;--grid-minor:#c8ebd20d;--grid-major:#c8ebd21c;--danger:#ff9b8f;color-scheme:dark}@media (width>=48rem){:root{--gutter:1.5rem}}*,:before,:after{box-sizing:border-box}html{-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;text-size-adjust:100%}body{background:var(--page);color:var(--ink);font-family:var(--font-body);font-feature-settings:"kern", "liga";flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;margin:0;font-size:1.0625rem;line-height:1.55;display:flex}main{flex:1}h1,h2,h3{font-family:var(--font-head);text-wrap:balance;margin:0;line-height:1.1}h1{letter-spacing:-.01em;font-size:clamp(2.25rem,1.7rem + 2.4vw,3.25rem);font-weight:700}h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:600}h3{font-size:1.1875rem;font-weight:600}p{margin:0}a{color:var(--ballpoint);text-underline-offset:.18em;text-decoration-thickness:1px}a:hover{text-decoration-thickness:2px}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--ballpoint);outline-offset:2px}::selection{background:var(--ballpoint);color:var(--on-ballpoint)}code{font-family:var(--font-num);font-size:.9em}.wrap{max-width:var(--wrap);padding-inline:var(--gutter);margin-inline:auto}.visually-hidden{clip:rect(0 0 0 0);white-space:nowrap;border:0;width:1px;height:1px;margin:-1px;padding:0;position:absolute;overflow:hidden}.skip-link{left:var(--gutter);background:var(--ballpoint);color:var(--on-ballpoint);border-radius:var(--radius);z-index:10;padding:.5rem .75rem;position:absolute;top:-3rem}.skip-link:focus{top:.5rem}.pad{background-color:var(--pad);background-image:linear-gradient(var(--grid-major) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, var(--grid-major) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(var(--grid-minor) 1px, transparent 1px), linear-gradient(90deg, var(--grid-minor) 1px, transparent 1px);border:1px solid var(--rule);border-radius:var(--radius);background-position:-1px -1px;background-size:40px 40px,40px 40px,8px 8px,8px 8px}.answer{font-family:var(--font-num);color:var(--ballpoint);border-bottom:4px double var(--ballpoint);font-variant-numeric:tabular-nums;padding-bottom:2px;font-weight:500}.btn{font:500 .9375rem/1 var(--font-body);color:var(--ink);background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);border-radius:var(--radius);cursor:pointer;align-items:center;gap:.4rem;min-height:2.5rem;padding:.6rem .85rem;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.btn:hover{border-color:var(--ink)}.btn svg{flex:none;width:1.05rem;height:1.05rem}.btn-ink{background:var(--ballpoint);border-color:var(--ballpoint);color:var(--on-ballpoint);padding:.8rem 1.1rem;font-size:1rem}.btn-ink:hover{border-color:var(--ink);background:color-mix(in srgb, var(--ballpoint) 88%, var(--ink))}.field-label{color:var(--ink-2);margin-bottom:.3rem;font-size:.875rem;font-weight:500;display:block}input[type=text],select{font:inherit;color:var(--ink);background:var(--surface);border:1px solid var(--rule-strong);border-radius:var(--radius);width:100%;min-height:2.75rem}input[type=text]{padding:.5rem .75rem}select{appearance:none;background-image:linear-gradient(45deg, transparent 50%, var(--ink-2) 50%), linear-gradient(135deg, var(--ink-2) 50%, transparent 50%);text-overflow:ellipsis;background-position:calc(100% - 1.15rem) 55%,calc(100% - .8rem) 55%;background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:.35rem .35rem;padding:.5rem 2.25rem .5rem .75rem}input[type=text]:hover,select:hover{border-color:var(--ink)}.prose{max-width:40rem}.prose>*+*{margin-top:1rem}.prose h2{margin-top:2.75rem}.prose h3{margin-top:1.75rem}.prose ul,.prose ol{padding-left:1.25rem}.prose li+li{margin-top:.35rem}.prose table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;font-size:.9375rem}.prose th,.prose td{text-align:left;border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule);vertical-align:top;padding:.45rem .75rem .45rem 0}.prose th{font-weight:600}.muted{color:var(--ink-2)}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){*,:before,:after{transition:none!important;animation:none!important}}.site-header[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{border-bottom:1px solid var(--rule)}.header-inner[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;gap:1rem;min-height:4rem;display:flex}.brand[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{color:var(--ink);align-items:center;gap:.55rem;text-decoration:none;display:inline-flex}.brand-word[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{font-family:var(--font-head);letter-spacing:-.01em;font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1}.header-nav[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{align-items:center;gap:.25rem;display:flex}.header-nav[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs] a[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{color:var(--ink);border-radius:var(--radius);padding:.5rem .6rem;font-weight:500;text-decoration:none}.header-nav[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs] a[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]:hover{background:var(--pad)}.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{border-radius:var(--radius);width:2.5rem;height:2.5rem;color:var(--ink);cursor:pointer;background:0 0;border:1px solid #0000;place-items:center;display:inline-grid}.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]:hover{background:var(--pad)}.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs] svg[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{width:1.25rem;height:1.25rem}.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs] .icon-sun[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs],.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs][data-current=dark] .icon-moon[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{display:none}.theme-toggle[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs][data-current=dark] .icon-sun[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{display:block}.lang-short[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{display:none}@media (width<=26rem){.lang-long[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{display:none}.lang-short[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{display:inline}.header-nav[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs] a[data-astro-cid-nen7h5rs]{padding-inline:.45rem}}.site-footer[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{border-top:1px solid var(--rule);color:var(--ink-2);margin-top:5rem;padding-block:2rem 2.5rem;font-size:.9375rem}.footer-inner[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{gap:1rem 2rem;display:grid}.footer-about[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{max-width:34rem}.footer-links[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.5rem 1.5rem;margin:0;padding:0;list-style:none;display:flex}.footer-links[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk] a[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{color:var(--ink)}@media (width>=48rem){.footer-inner[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{grid-template-columns:1fr auto;align-items:start}.footer-copy[data-astro-cid-jo6i4kqk]{grid-column:1/-1}}